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Storage System

Covers File Format, File System, KV Store, Object Storage, Query Engine, Spark, and Table Format.

Topics

Topic What it covers
File Format How bytes are physically laid out inside a file — row-major vs. column-major, schema embedding, compression — determines whether reading…
File System The layer between "bytes I want to store" and "physical blocks on a disk" — a distributed file system (HDFS) extends this abstraction…
KV Store The simplest possible data model — get/put/delete by key — is also the foundation almost every other storage system in this tree is built…
Object Storage Flat, key-value storage for arbitrarily large blobs — no directories, no in-place edits, no POSIX semantics. S3 (and its many equivalents)…
Query Engine A distributed SQL engine (Trino, Presto, Dremio) that queries data directly where it lives — Parquet files on object storage, table formats…
Spark A distributed compute engine built around one core abstraction — transformations on partitioned data, lazily planned and executed as a DAG…
Table Format Covers Delta Lake, Hudi, and Iceberge.